Swash plate axial piston pump works

The plunger is installed inside the cylinder of the axial piston pump and evenly distributed around the axial circumference. At one end of the plunger, a shoe is attached, which is pressed against the swash plate by a spring through the return disk during the return stroke. Simultaneously, the cylinder is held firmly against the fixed counterplate by both spring force and the pressure of the working oil. The port plate features two oval-shaped windows: one connects to the pump housing and serves as the suction port, allowing oil to enter the window, while the other is connected to the oil drain, facilitating the discharge of oil. The width of the distribution windows must be greater than the width of the cylinder port's bottom to prevent any interference between the high-pressure and low-pressure chambers. During operation, the main drive shaft rotates the cylinder. Because the swash plate is angled, the plungers move back and forth within their respective holes in the cylinder block as it turns. This reciprocating motion enables the pump to draw in oil and then pressurize it, completing the suction and delivery process. The entire system relies on precise mechanical alignment and controlled fluid dynamics to ensure smooth and efficient performance. Understanding these components and their interactions helps in maintaining and optimizing the pump’s functionality over time.

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